CMV Vaccines: Current Status

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CMV Vaccines: Current Status

Robert F. Pass
Departments of Pediatrics and Microbiology, UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) is an important cause of disease among patients with impaired cell-mediated immunity. As the most common congenital infection in the U.S. and Europe, CMV is a leading cause of auditory, cognitive and motor disabilities in children. A committee of the National Academy of Sciences of the U.S. ranked a vaccine for prevention of CMV infection as a national priority. The only CMV vaccine to complete efficacy trials prior to this year, Towne CMV, an attenuated live virus, was shown to decrease the severity of CMV disease in D+/R- renal transplant recipients; it did not prevent infection in them or in a separate study of parents of CMV infected children. Although there has been pessimism regarding the potential for vaccine induced immunity to be efficacious, evidence from human and animal studies indicates that immunity can reduce the rate and severity of CMV infections and the risk of congenital infection. Several approaches to a CMV vaccine are currently under development, including live virus, subunit, plasmid DNA and viral vectors. Through clinical trials of new vaccines, important knowledge of the natural history of CMV infection in normal hosts is being gained and preliminary information regarding vaccine efficacy is accruing.

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Last Updated : 03/12/2007 17:11:46