HSV for tumour lysis

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Interaction between HSV-1 and HIV-1 in AIDS pathogenesis

Presented by A Calistri, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

Herpes simplex viruses (HSV) are major opportunistic pathogens in the course of AIDS and their role in facilitating HIV-1 transmission and/or acquisition has been demonstrated. Many investigations have, therefore, focused on the mechanisms mediating the interaction between HIV-1 and HSV. One of the difficulties in studying the full range of biological interactions between HIV-1 and HSV is in finding an in vitro model mimicking the environment where the two viruses would be likely to come into contact in vivo.

We have shown that HSV-1 infects peripheral blood mononuclear cells and can give rise to a chronic infection of the CD4+ human lymphoblastoid cell line CEM. Since CD4+ cells are the major HIV-1 target and reservoir in vivo, we used this cell line as an in vitro model for studying molecular interactions between HIV-1 and HSV-1. Our study shows that HIV-1 and HSV-1 can interact in human T lymphocytes, in a way that could be relevant for the progression of AIDS. Although additional studies are needed to address the relevance of this interaction in vivo, our findings outline the importance of preventing infectious HSV episodes in HIV-1-positive patients, even in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy and especially in the case of virological failure (defined as failure to achieve or maintain maximal virological suppression).

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